Program Cost

We judge the chemical warfare program through mid-1984 has cost Baghdad approximately $200 million. However, new construction at Salman Pak indicates continued expansion at an as yet undefined rate of expenditure. We have so far identified at least $125 million in confirmed expenditures. Our estimate is based on Western experience in modern chemical engineering, the sophisticated operating components and elaborate toxic chemical processing equipment involved, [redacted] and the costs of chemicals from a variety of sources worldwide. The Iraqi program also encompasses state-of-the-art research and development expenses, large tonnages of precursor chemicals obtained circuitously at above-market prices, and personnel services of Iraqi and foreign contractors for design, construction, and operation. Also involved are special services training, specialized maintenance, emergency services, and chemical weapons filling and handling. [redacted]