Pulmonary Function I (Outline)
Pulmonary Function I (Outline) Lyrics
I. Blood Circulation
- A. Physical Requirements
- B. Outline of the Human System
- 1. 4 chambered heart
2. Systemic circuit
3. Pulmonary circuit
- C. Flow = Pressure / Resistance
- 1. General
- Flow through the systemic and pulmonary systems
D. Flow: Velocity and Cross-Sectional Area
II. The Heart
- A. Functional Gross anatomy
- 4. Venous return
- a. Vena cavae: deoxygenated
b. Pulmonary veins: oxygenated
- 5. Arterial outflow
- C. Cardiac Cycle
- 2. Definitions in terms of the cardiac cycle
- 3. Components of the cardiac cycle, pressure and volume changes
- a. Diastisis
b. Atrial systole and ventricular diastole
c. Atrial diastole and ventricular systole
- Types of Cardiac tissue
- B. Type I tissue: spreads the signal and contracts
- 1. Spreads the signal via gap junctions
- a. Ephatic synapses
b. Signal moves almost simultaneously
c. Cells respond as 1
- 2. Contracts in response to the signal
- a. Myofilaments are arranged into sarcomere
b. Signal sets into motion calcium release and cross bridge cycling
c. Implications
- 1. Time delay
2. Increase calcium availability, increased cycling, increased strength
- D. Type I Ventricular Myocardium
- 1. Review absolute refractory period in neuron
2. Absolute refractory period in vent myocardium
3. Significance: avoid tetany
- Diagram of key events in the cardiac cycle
- E. The pacemaker system and Electrocardiography
- 1. Electrical conducting system of the heart: autortyhmic cells
- a. SA node: sets the pace for the heart
b. AV node
c. Bundle of HIS
d. Lt and rt bundle branches
e. Purkinje fibers
f. Ventricular muscle
- 2. EKG tracing: Lead II
- a. P wave
b. QRS complex
c. PR segment
d. T wave
e. PR interval
- F. Neurochemical control of heart rate
- 1. Normal range
- a. Bradycardia
b. Tachycardia
- 2. Medullary centers: part of ANS which is regulating the rate at which the SA node fires
- a. Cardioinhibitory center
b. Cardioacceleratory center
- 3. Baroreceptor reflexes
- a. General: baroreceptors
b. Carotid sinus reflex: Decrease pressure, increase heart rate and cardiac output
increase pressure, decrease heart rate and cardiac output
c. Bainbridge reflex: increase venous return and increased pressure in the vena cavae, heart rate increases
d. Effect of the respiratory cycle on heart rate
Inspiration: decreased thoracic pressure, decrease venous return, decrease CO, decrease pressure at carotid sinus, reflexively HR increases
- Early expiration
Late expiration
About
Genius Annotation
A brief outline of the functioning of the pulmonary system.
Contact the author with any questions or suggestions.
Drawing by Allen Frankhouse
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